Showing posts with label signs of the end times. Show all posts
Showing posts with label signs of the end times. Show all posts

Wednesday, November 13, 2024

Leadership: some reflections on its impact

 Introduction


The United States has witnessed another  presidential election cycle in which Donald J. Trump was victorious. Despite the widely held views against him of being racist, sexist, another tool for the financial elites, and the many court cases that have been launched against him, he has emerged seemingly stronger than ever.

This, along with other unmentioned factors, has influenced me to reflect on the entire concept of leadership. While I do have my own political views, and occasionally share them on this platform, the purpose of this article is to articulate thoughts on leadership, in light of the teachings of Prophet Muhammad in particular.





Who should  never be the leader?



We have a very interesting hadeeth, the report therein being that two men came to the Prophet Muhammad, upon whom be peace and blessings, seeking to be appointed to leadership positions, to which he-Sall Allahu 'alayhi wa sallam, replied " By Allah, we do not appoint someone to the post who seeks it or competes for it." (reported in Al-Bukharee and Muslim). Can this notion, as present in the above report, be applied to the modern world, particularly in nations that operate under representative democratic systems? 


I believe that the Prophet is speaking about the narcissistic personality types, those who crave power and authority for selfish or egotistical reasons. He is warning us that such types, who seek out power, are more harmful than good, and thus, at core- not fit to hold office. They don't have the calling for service, only that of satisfying appetites. 


This is the type that is in love with a throne. They are so hungry for it, they would rather be a king in Hell than a servant in heaven, to paraphrase John Milton's Paradise Lost.  While it is tempting to leave the aforementioned hadeeth as a stand-alone text, when we combine it with other ahadeeth, we get a frightening picture. 




An even bigger picture



Abu Hurairah reports that the Messenger of Allah said " When booty will be taken in turn, trust (Amaanah) treated as booty, Charity viewed as burdensome, learning becomes for non religious reasons, a man obeys his wife and abandons his mother, he keeps his friend close but alienates his father, loud voices emerge from the Mosques (Masaajid, i.e. places of worship), the Faasiq becomes leader of a group , a man is respected out of fear from his harms ( Wal Akramar-rijaalu makhaafata sharrih).." (Tirmidhee).

The above is mentioned in context of signs of the end times. Even if we ignore the eschatological implications, it can be taken that all these items, including evil folks attaining power, are powerful signs of the beginning of the end of a civilization, when mutual support (even family ties) are unreliable, when agreements mean nothing and the places of worship are treated as concert halls. 


At a minimum, such texts as above should be seen by students of social sciences, cultural anthropologists, commentators, the movers and shakers of society, that items such as those listed above need to be carefully observed and addressed in order to deliver salvation to the society.  


Other reports in hadeeth literature warn us about evil or unworthy leadership, and the Divine punishment for those who abuse their power. 


Who and what should lead us?


Ultimately the leader is not simply one who sits in a chair and makes huge  proclamations. The father is a leader, the husband is a leader, the one who stands in front during prayers (in Islam at least) functions as leader, and the qualities needed by that leader includes intelligence, patience, knowledge (of the fields needed to fulfill whatever role applicable), and, most importantly, the opposite of the negative qualities mentioned in the hadeeth cited earlier. The "leader" is often noticed by good people because they are already doing the work of leadership even if no formal title has been assigned. The leader "leads" (in the sense of already doing the work) out of love for community, for faith, with a sense of family values, who is trustworthy, wise, God-conscious, who inspires the best out of people. The  leader will often make sacrifices out of his own time and resources for the betterment of those who he has responsibility for, without seeking limelight or recognition. 


Whatever one thinks of one particular leader or another, one political party or another, or even one religious figure over other religious functionaries, all of us have some level of responsibilities that we have to care for. In other words, the warnings of the Prophet -peace be upon him- in these citations have application to us as well. 


Leadership as needed in the affairs of the global Ummah


If our leaders in the powerful Muslim countries had more awareness, particularly of the ahadeeth that have been cited here, I truly believe that things such as the genocide of Palestinians, the de facto civil war in Sudan, etc. would not be taking place. In those regards, the leadership have a responsibility to address those things, they have a responsibility to the public, for the public good , as well as a responsibility before Allah. 


It is frustrating to see the levels of injustice in the world, be it from outside forces or from within our own ranks.  For the moment, we can only pray and hope that we-as individuals within our own sphere or circles, live up to the clear responsibilities we have, and that Allah creates a better situation for mankind, in those aspects which we as human beings have failed. 



Friday, February 3, 2017

Considering the Day of Judgement: Is it close ?

[Note: The following is an edited version of Friday Khutbah delivered at Toledo Masjid Al-Islam. The opening Hamd has been omitted, the two sections of the Khutbah have been merged into one for the purposes of this article, and the Arabic quotations have been shared only selectively.]

Gratitude for Friday Prayer

We begin by expressing gratitude to Allah for Jumu'ah prayers, especially in a Non Muslim environment, because it provides a spiritual injection that is so needed in order to maintain a healthy spirituality.

We have a hadeeth, deemed 'hasan' in the hierarchy of tradition judgement, in which it is stated that Judgement day will occur on a Friday. Certainly, it is debatable if this means a literal "Friday", as the day after Thursday, or if it simply refers to a moment of great gathering [which is the essential meaning of "Jumu'ah" in Arabic, but is used now in Arabic and many other languages as referring to "Friday"], however, it should be enough of a foundation to generate an interest, an awareness, that judgement day is a reality!

As we read in the Qur'an: "Our Lord, Indeed, you will gather people (innaaka Jamee'un Naas) on a day in which there is no doubt, Indeed, Allah does not fail in his promise." (Q 3:9).

Serious social shifts


The knowledge of its precise moment is unknown to us, and our understanding of its signs can always be defective, nonetheless, we should think about the reality of a final day.

The Prophet Muhammad                   صلى الله تعالى عليه وسلم      is reported to have said "Indeed, among the signs of the hour is (1) Knowledge being elevated [away]. (2) Abundance of Jahl [ignorance, in thinking and behavior]. (3) Abundance of Zinaa [improper sexual relations] [4] Abundance of the consumption of intoxicants [Khamr].
ان من اشراط الساعة ان يرفع العلم و يكثر الجهل و يكثر الزنا و يكثر شرب الخمر

We have another narration which has the words "Knowledge will be low and ignorance clearly visible." [Bukhari and Muslim] يقل العلم و يظهر الجهل 

These narrations present to us serious social shifts! In particular we should pay attention to the last narration quoted above, I believe these words don't simply refer to the disappearance of religious information, but rather, to historical knowledge, scientific information, being dismissed or downplayed, and, replaced with fictionalized, concocted falsehoods! In today's discourse this is called "alternative facts"!

Jahl [as appears in the original Arabic] is ignorance of knowledge, but also -in Quranic usage-refers to action. It refers to a culture that values hatred, stupidity, violence and xenophobia. The Prophet says that such a culture will be present and prevalent in the age that is close to the moment of Judgement. This seems to be a precise description of what is happening in today's world!

Returning to the first hadeeth, we have to say that there is no better place to be than the Masjid on Friday! Even if the Imam does not speak on the subject of  Judgement day, he does refer to Allah, The call to prayers refers to Allah, and Allah is called upon in prayer.

In another report, we have it that Abu Hurairah himself asks the Prophet "when is the hour?" He replies;" when the trust (Amaanah) is destroyed, wait for it then.". He was then asked "How is the trust destroyed?". The Prophet responds "When leadership is given to those other than its proper holders." اذا وسد الأمر الى غير اهله فانتظر الساعة


The Prophet speaks what God tells him to speak

There is doubt presented today as to the veracity of narrations like this, or even the whole hadeeth enterprise in general. However, for these particular narrations, the truth of them cannot be denied! Thus, they cannot be ignored because they really hit the mark!

The Qur'an says that "He [Muhammad] does not speak out of his own desires, nay, he only recites that which has been sent to him." [ Q 53:3-4]

We cannot understand fully subjects such as the Judgement day, because they are ultimately God's business. To seek to speed up or hijack God's will is an act of idol worship, arrogance in itself [Q 16:1].

We are not advocating anything firmly other than that we should be conscious of standing before Allah. Even if a person rejects the concept of Judgement day, they all accept that we will face death,
So be conscious of Allah, that we will have to face Him, be conscious of how you live your life and how you spend your time in this world,

Lessons from these narrations

These narrations should encourage us to become educated and refined in a better way. It has to be a continuous process.  Degrees mean nothing when the spiritual, moral and cognitive features are corrupted.

Progress by the use of prayer, and study. We are to study the Qur'an as well as the important subjects. We are to also be humble enough to recognize our limitations, and not do as people tend to do these days by speaking authoritatively on subjects they have no knowledge of. Thus, climate change is denied because of the words of politicians, and not according to physical facts.

Going out of our lanes of abilities is a sign of ignorance, which the Prophet asserted would be a sign of the coming day of resurrection. Let us not follow that trend, but rather, follow Allah's Book and Allah's final Prophet.